Education:

          University of Arizona, B.A., 1949

          HarvardUniversity, M.A., 1951

          University of Cambridge, 1951‑52

          HarvardUniversity, Ph.D., 1954

Employment:

          LawrenceUniversity, Instructor, 1953‑57

          LawrenceUniversity, Assistant Professor, 1957‑62

          LawrenceUniversity, Associate Professor, 1962‑66

          LawrenceUniversity, Professor & Chair of Philosophy       Department, 1966‑68

WashingtonUniversity, Professor of Philosophy, 1968‑1999

          Hortense and Tobias Lewin Distinguished Professor in       the Humanities, 1988‑1999, Emeritus, 1999-

Awards and Offices:

Graduated with highest distinction, honors in Philosophy, Phi Beta Kappa, 1949

          Sheldon Travelling Fellowship, 1951‑52

          ACLS Fellowship, 1965‑66

          Uhrig Award for Outstanding Teaching, 1968

          NEH Senior Fellowship, 1972‑73

          Fellowship, NationalHumanitiesCenter, 1982‑83

          Member Review Panel, NEH Research Division, 1968‑71

          Executive Committee, Western Division, APA, 1975‑78

          Secretary General, IVR, 1975‑79

          Vice President, IVR 1987‑91

          Honorary President, IVR 1995-

          Executive Committee, AMINTAPHIL, 1986‑99

          Editorial Board, ETHICS, 1980‑91

          Editorial Board, ARCHIV FUR RECHTS- UND         SOZIALPHILOSOPHIE, 1980‑91

          Editorial Board, Law and Philosophy Library, 1990-

                                      BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS

 1.  The Language of Ethics, Cambridge, MA:HarvardUniversity Press, 1961.

 2.  Challenge and Response, Carbondale, IL: Southern IllinoisUniversity Press, 1971.

 3.  Morals and Ethics, Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman & Company, 1975.

 3a. Morales y eticas, translated by Jesus Rodriguez Marin, Madrid:Editorial Tecnos, 1982.

 3b. Morals and Ethics, Second edition (revised), Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1988.

 4.  Welfare Rights, Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield, 1982.

 5.  A Theory of Rights, Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Allanheld, 1985.

 6.  Real Rights, New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 1995.

 7.  An Approach to Rights, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.

 8.  The Proliferation of Rights, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999.

9. Medical Law and Moral Rights, Dordrecht: Springer, 2005.

10. The Moral Dimensions of Human Rights, Oxford & New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 2011.

11. Terrorism and Counterterrorism: A Moral Assessment, Dordrecht: Springer, 2013.

12. Constitutional Rights: What They Are and What They Ought to Be, Dordrecht: Springer: 2016.

EDITED VOLUMES

1. Equality and Freedom: Past, Present and Future, Beiheft number 10 of ARSP, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1977.

2. Rights and Duties, vol. 1, Conceptual Analyses of Rights and Duties, New York/London: Routledge, 2002.

3. Rights and Duties, vol. 2, Rational Foundations of Rights and Duties, New York/London: Routledge, 2002.

4. Rights and Duties, vol. 3, Possible Bearers of Rights and Duties, New York/London, Routledge, 2002.

5. Rights and Duties, vol. 4, Human Rights and Universal Duties, New York/London: Routledge, 2002.

6. Rights and Duties, vol. 5, Welfare Rights and Duties of Charity, New York/London: Routledge, 2002.

7. Rights and Duties, vol. 6, Property Rights and Duties of Redistribution, New York/London: Routledge, 2002.

COEDITED VOLUME

1. Carl Wellman & Mohammmad Habibi Modjandeh, Theoretical Foundations of Human Rights: Collected Papers of the Second International Conference on Human Rights 17-18 May 2003, Qom, Iran: Mofid University Publications, 2007.

ARTICLES

1.  "Wittgenstein and the Egocentric Predicament," Mind, vol. 68 (April 1959), pp. 223‑233.

2.  "A Reinterpretation of Mill's Proof," Ethics, vol. 69 (July 1959), pp. 268‑276.

3.  "Our Criteria for Third‑Person Psychological Sentences," Journal of Philosophy, vol. 58 (May 25, 1961), pp. 281‑293.

4.  "Wittgenstein's Conception of a Criterion," Philosophical Review, vol. 71 (October 1962), pp. 433‑447.

5.  "The Ethical Implications of Cultural Relativity," Journal of Philosophy, vol. 60 (March 28, 1963), pp. 169‑184.

6.  "Judgments of Value and Obligation," Ethics, vol. 74 (January 1964), pp. 143‑149.

7.  "Asceticism," Encyclopedia of Philosophy (New York, 1967), vol. 1, pp. 171‑174.

8.  "Emotivism and Ethical Objectivity, American Philosophical Quarterly, vol. 5 (April 1968), pp. 90‑99.

9.  "Reasons for Breaking the Law," Journal of Value Inquiry, vol. 4 (winter 1970), pp. 261‑267.

10.  "Some Deontological Expressions," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, vol. 32 (December 1971), pp. 205‑218.

11.  "Ethics Since 1950," Journal of Value Inquiry, vol. 6 (summer 1972), pp. 83‑90.

12.  "Whither Ethics?" Journal of Value Inquiry, vol. 9 (summer 1975), pp. 135‑139.

13.  "Ethical Disagreement and Objective Truth," American Philosophical Quarterly, vol. 12, (July 1975), pp. 211‑221.

14.  "Upholding Legal Rights," Ethics, vol. 86 (October 1975), pp. 49‑60.

15.  "The Justification of Practical Reason," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, vol. 36 (July 1976), pp. 531‑546.

16.  "The Meaning of 'Good'," in Acta Philosophica Fennica, vol. 28 (1976), pp. 394‑416.

17.  "An Analysis of Reverence for Life," Journal of Value Inquiry, vol. 11 (spring 1977), pp. 46‑48.

18.  "Legal Rights," in Uppsalaskolan--och efterat, Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell (1978), pp. 213‑221.

19a. “A New Conception of Human Rights,” in Human Rights, edited by Eugene Kamenka and Alice Erh-Soon Tay, London: Edward Arnold Ltd. (1978), pp. 48-58.

19b.  "Renquan de yige xingainian," translated by Toa Kai in Xifang renquan xueshuo (Western Theories of Human Rights), ed. Shen Zongling and Huang Nansen, in the series Selected Materials in Human Rights Studies (Chengdu: Sichuan Renmin, 1994) Vol. 2, pp. 147-162.

20.  "Relativism," in Encyclopedia of Bioethics, edited by Warren T. Reich, New York: The Free Press (1978), pp. 454‑457.

21.  "Naturalism," in Encyclopedia of Bioethics, edited by Warren T. Reich, New York: The Free Press (1978), pp. 442‑447.

22.  "Professional Duties," in Memorias del Symposium Filosofico Internacional, Mexico City: Editorial Libros de Mexico (1979), pp. 323‑342.

23.  "Deduction in Legal and Moral Reasoning," in A. Peczenik and J. Uusitalo (eds.), Reasoning on Legal Reasoning, Vammala: Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy (1979), pp. 193‑198.

24.  "Consent to Medical Research on Children," in Consent:  Concept, Capacity, Conditions, and Constraints, edited by Lyman Tower Sargent, Beiheft Neue Folge Nr. 12, ARSP, Wiesbaden:  Franz Steiner Verlag GmbH (1979), pp. 85‑105.

1. "On Terrorism Itself," Journal of Value Inquiry,

vol. 13 (winter 1979), pp. 250‑258.

26.  "Gert's Contribution to Moral Philosophy," Metaphilosophy, vol. 10 (July/October 1979), pp. 315‑329.

27.  "Taking Economic Rights Seriously," in Memoria del X Congreso Mundial Ordinario de Filosofia del Derecha y filosofia Social, Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (1981), vol. 1, pp. 73‑85.

28.  "Moral Rights and Positive Law," in Memoria del X Congreso Mundial Ordinario de Filosofia del Derecha y filosofia Social, Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (1981), vol. 5, pp. 193‑203.

29.  "Moral Judgments, Judicial Decisions and the Law," in ARSP, Supplementa, Vol. 1, Part 3, Contemporary Conceptions of Law, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag (1983), pp. 441‑456.

30.  "The Growth of Children's Rights," Archiv fur Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie, vol. 70 (1984), pp. 441‑453.

31.  "Welfare Rights," in Kenneth Kipnis and Diana Meyers (eds), Economic Justice, Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Allanheld, 1985, pp. 229‑245.

32.  "Rules, Principles and Reasoning," in Conditions of Validity and Cognition in Modern Legal Thought, edited by Neil MacCormick, Stavros Panou and Luigi Lombardi Vallauri, Beiheft Neue Folge Nr. 25, ARSP, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag (1985), pp. 68‑75.

33.  "Tendances professionnelles aux Etats‑Unis."  Archives de Philosophie du Droit 31 (1986), pp. 383‑386.

34.  Review of Taking Juvenile Justice Seriously, by Ruth M. Adler.  Archiv fur Rechts und Sozialphilosophie 72 (1986)  pp. 555‑558.

35.  "Materialism, Technology and Medical Law," in  Materialismus und Idealismus im Rechtsdenken, edited by Karl A. Mollnau, Beiheft Neue Folge Nr. 31, ARSP, Wiesbaden:  Franz Steiner Verlag (1987), pp. 138‑142.

36.  "Terrorism and Moral Rights," in John Howie (ed), Ethical Principles and Practice, Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press (1987), pp. 128‑153.

37.  "Commentary on Brilmayer: Jurisdiction, Fairness and Rights," University of Florida Law Review, vol. 39 (spring 1987), pp. 315‑321.

38.  "Reason, Will and Legal Duty," in ARSP, Supplementa, vol. 3, Part 2, Theory and Systems of Legal Philosophy, edited by S. Panou, G. Bozonis, D. Georgas & P. Trappe, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag (1988), pp. 22‑29.

39.  "Offices, Duties & Rights," Journal of Value Inquiry, vol. 22 (1988), pp. 183‑192.

40.  "Judicial Discretion and Constitutional Law," Rechtstheorie, vol. 19 (1988), pp. 153‑165.

40a. "Tuomarin Harkinta ja Perustuslaki," Oikeus (1988), pp. 242‑252.

40b. “Judicial Discretion and Constitutional Law,” Rechtstheorie, vol. 28 (1997), pp. 143-155.

41.  "The Right to Privacy and Personal Autonomy," Philosophical Dimensions of the Constitution, edited by Diana T. Meyers and Kenneth Kipnis, Boulder & London:  Westview Press (1988), pp. 196‑205.

42.  "Doing Justice to Rights," Hypatia, vol. 3 (1989), pp. 153‑158.

43.  "Shakaiteki Seigi To Jinken," Tenkanki Sekai To Ho; edited by Yasaki, Mitsuki; Noguchi, Hiroshi; and Sato, Setsuko; Tokyo: Kokusai Shoin (1989), pp. 169‑190.

43a. "Social Justice and Human Rights," in Biotechnologie, Ethik und Recht im wissenschaftlichen Zeitalter, edited by T. D. Campbell, R. C. L. Moffat, S. Sato and C. Varga, Beiheft Neuer Folge Nr. 39, ARSP, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag (1991), pp. 121-129.

44.  "Equal Opportunity," Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, vol. 21 (1990), pp. 26‑38.

45.  "Locke's Right to Revolution Reexamined," in Revolution and Human Rights, edited by Werner Maihofer and Gerhard Sprenger, Beiheft Neuer Folge Nr. 41, ARSP, Wiesbaden:  Franz Steiner Verlag (1990), pp. 21-26.

46.  "Relative Duties in the Law," Philosophical Topics, vol. 18 (1990), pp. 183-202.

47.  "Violence, Law, and Basic Rights," in Justice, Law, and Violence, edited by James B. Brady and Newton Garver, Philadelphia: Temple University Press (1991), pp. 170-186.

48.  "Politics and Constitutional Rights," in  Theoretische Grundlagen der Rechtspolitik, edited by P. Koller, C. Varga and O. Weinberg, Beiheft Neuer Folge Nr. 51, ARSP, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag (1992), pp. 47-57.

49.  "Right, Concepts of," in Encyclopedia of Ethics, Lawrence C. Becker, editor and Charlotte B. Becker, co-editor, New York: Garland Publishing Company, 1992.

50.  "Interpreting the Bill of Rights: Alternative Conceptions of Rights," in The Bill of Rights: A

Bicentennial Assessment, edited by Gary C. Bryner and      A. D. Sorenson, Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University (1993),

pp. 9-25.

51a.  "Moral Consensus and the Law," in The Concept of Moral

Consensus, edited by Kurt Bayertz, Dordrecht: Kluwer

Academic Publishers (1994), pp. 109-121.

51b. “Moralischer Konsens und das Recht,” in Moralischer Konsens, edited by Kurt Bayertz, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1996, pp. 137-153.

52. "RightsI. Systematic Analysis," in Encyclopedia of Bioethics, revised edition, Warren T. Reich,    editor in chief, New York: Macmillan, 1995, pp. 2305-2310.

53. “The Inalienable Right to Life and the Durable Power of Attorney,” Law & Philosophy, vol. 14 (1995), pp. 245-269.

54. “Hohfeld, Wesley Newcomb,” and “rights” in The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, Robert Audi (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

55. “The Right to an Adequate Standard of Living,” in Festskrit Till Stig Strömholm, Uppsala: Iustus Förlag, 1997, pp. 835-850.

56. “Welfare Rights” in The Blackwell Encyclopedic Dictionary of Business Ethics, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd., 1997, pp. 652-654.

57a. “The Universal Declaration--Ambiguous or Amphibious?” in APA Newsletters, vol. 97 (1998), pp. 102-105.

57b. “The Universal Declaration—Ambiguous or Amphibious?” in Human Rights, Minority Rights, Women’s Rights, Alexander Bröstl & Marijan Pavčnik (eds), ARSP Beiheft Nr. 78, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 2001, pp. 19-24.

58. “Old Rights and New Medical Technology,” in Consequences of Modernity in Contemporary Legal Theory, edited by Eugene E. Dais, Roberta Kevelson and Jan M. Van Dunné, Beiheft 19, Rechstheorie, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot (1999), pp. 293-302.

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62. “Solidarity, the Individual and Human Rights,” Human Rights Quarterly, vol. 22 (2000), pp. 639-657.

63. “Drawing the Line Between Public and Private,” World Constitutional Law Review, vol. 5 (2000), pp. 71-91.

64. “Human Rights and Natural Law,” World Constitutional Law Review, vol. 5 (2000), pp. 93-111.

65. “Alternatives for a Theory of Group Rights,” in Groups and Group Rights, edited by Christine Sistare, Larry May and Leslie Francis, LawrenceKS: University Press of Kansas, 2001, pp. 17-42.

66. “A Moral Right to Physician-Assisted Suicide,” American Philosophical Quarterly, vol. 38 (2001), pp. 271-286.

67. “Right Holders,” in Encyclopedia of Ethics, Second Edition, Lawrence C. Becker and Charlotte B. Becker, editors, New York and London: Routledge, 2001, pp. 1502-1506.

68. “The Concept of Fetal Rights,” Law and Philosophy, vol. 21 (2002), pp. 65-93.

69. “A Legal Right to Physician-Assisted Suicide Defended,” Social Theory and Practice, vol. 29 (2003), pp. 19-38.

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72. “The Universality of Human Rights,” in Theoretical Foundations of Human Rights, Carl Wellman & Mohammad Habibi Modjandeh,(eds.), Qom, Iran: Mofid University Publications, 2007, pp. 637-648.

73. “One Hundred Years of the IVR,” Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie, vol. 95 (2009), pp. 1-13.

74. “Derechos: Problemas Filosóficos Y Propuestas de Solución, Anales de la Cátedra Francisco Suárez, vol. 44, (2010), pp. 265-280.

75. “The Functions of Rights,” Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie, vol. 97 (2011), pp. 169-177.

76. “The Universality and Justification of Human Rights,” Criminal Justice Ethics, vol. 30(2011), pp. 288-301.

77. “Religious Human Rights and Peace,” Journal of Human Rights, vol. 11 (2012), pp. 210-226.

78. “The Internationalization of the IVR, “Law, Science, Technology,” ARSP Beiheft 136 (2013), pp. 165-172.

79. “Two Approaches to Human Rights,” in Griffin on Human Rights, Roger Crisp (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, pp. 1-8.