Bibliography

A) Books & Articles

• Adler, Michael (2018). Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment?: Benefit Sanctions in the UK, Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies, London: Palgrave Pivot.
• Afshari, Reza (1994). “An Essay on Islamic Cultural Relativism in the Discourse of Human Rights”, R. Quart., Vol. 16, pp. 260-61.
• Al-Azm, Sadiq Jalal (1984). “Orientalism and Orientalism in Reverse” in John Rothschild, comp., Forbidden Agendas: Intolerance and Defiance in the Middle East, London: Al Saqi Books, distributed by Zed Press.
• Al-Shakankiri, Mohamed (1981). “Loi divine, loi humaine et l’histoire juridique de l’Islam”, Studia Islamica, 59, pp. 161-82.
• Amin, S. Hassan (1989). Islamic Law and Its Implications for Modern World, Glasgow: Billing & Sons.
• An-Na’im, Abdullahi Ahmed (1987) “Islamic Law, International Relations, and Human Rights: Challenge and Response”, Cornell International Law Journal, Vol. 20, No. 2, Article 3.
• An-Na’im, Abdullahi Ahmed (1987). “The Rights of Women and International Law in the Muslim Context”, Whittier L. Rev., 9, p. 491.
• An-Na’im, Abdullahi Ahmed (1990A). “Human Rights in the Muslim World: Socio-Political Conditions and Scriptural Imperatives, A Preliminary Inquiry”, Harvard H. R. J., 3, pp. 22-25.
• An-Na’im, Abdullahi Ahmed (1990B). Toward an Islamic Reformation: Civil Liberties, Human Rights, and International Law, New York: Syracuse University Press.
• Arberry, J. (1957). Revelation and Reason in Islam, London: Allen & Unwin.
• Bassiouni, M. Charif (1982). “Sources of Islamic Law and the Protection of Human Rights in the Islamic Criminal Justice System” in M C. Bassiouni, ed., The Islamic Criminal Justice System, New York: Oceana Publications.
• Berman, Harold J. (1993). Faith and Order, The Reconciliation of Law and Religion, Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press.
• Berman, Harold J. (1974). The Interaction of Law and Religion, New York: Abingdon Press.
• Bielefeldt, Heiner (1995). “Muslim Voices in the Human Rights Debate”, Human Rights Quarterly, 17, No. 4 pp. 587-617.
• Binder, Leonard (1988). Islamic Liberalism: A Critique of Development Ideologies, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• Brunelle, C. & B. Cliche (1998). “Les droits et libertés fondamentaux” in Formation professionnelle du Barreau du Québec, Collection de droit 1998-99, vol. 7: Droit public et administratif, Titre II, Cowansville, Que.: Édition Yvon Blais.
• Buergenthal, Thomas (1981). “To Respect and to Ensure: State Obligations and permissible Derogations” in Louis Henkin, ed., The International Bill of Human Rights: The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, New York: Columbia University Press.
• Cerna, Christina M. (1994). “Universality of Human Rights and Cultural Diversity: Implementation of Human Rights in Different Socio-Cultural Contexts”, R. Quart., Vol. 16, p. 740-52.
• Clayton, Mark (1993). “Rights controversy clouds U. N. Conference” Christian Sci. Monitor, June 10, 1993, 7.
• Coulson, Noel J. (1957). “The State and the Individual in Islamic law”, Int’l & Comp. L. Quart, 6, pp. 49-51.
• Daniel, Norman (1993). Islam and the West: The Making of an Image, Oxford: Oneworld.
• Donnelly, Jack (2013). Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice, Cornell: Cornell University Press.
• Donnelly, Jack (2014). “Human Rights and Human Dignity: An Analytic Critique of Non-Western Conceptions of Human Rights”, American Political Science Review, 76, Issue. 2.
• Donoho, Douglas Lee (1991). “Relativism Versus Universalism in Human Rights: The Search for Meaningful Standards”, J. Int’l L., Vol. 27, p. 345 and 353.
• Dworkin, Ronald M. ed. (1977). The Philosophy of Law, New York: Oxford University Press.
• Falk, Richard (1992). “Cultural Foundations for the International Protection of Human Rights”, Human Rights in Cross-Cultural Perspectives, 44-64.
• Freeman, Michael (1994). “The Philosophical Foundations of Human Rights”, Human Rights Quarterly, 16, No. 3 pp. 491-514.
• Friedman, Lawrence M. (1993). “The Internationalization of Human Rights by David P. Forsythe”, TWLJ, 13, Issue. 1, pp. 189-198.
• Ghadbian, Najib (1997). Democratization and the Islamist Challenge in the Arab World, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
• Glenn, H. Patrick (2000). Legal Traditions of the World, Sustainable Diversity in Law, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Halliday, “Relativism and Universalism in Human Rights: The Case of the Islamic Middle East” supra note 15 at 154. Political Studies (1995), XLIII, 152-167.
• Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1965). Hegel’s Philosophy of Rights, Translated by Knox, T. M. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.
• Henkin, Louis (1978). The Rights of Man Today, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
• Howard, Rhoda E. & Donnelly, Jack (1986). “Human Dignity, Human Rights, and Political Regimes”, The American Political Science Review, 80, No. 3, pp. 801-817.
• Howard, Rhoda E. (1993). “Cultural Absolutism and the Nostalgia for Community”, R. Quart., Vol. 15, pp. 315-20.
• Huntington, Samuel P. (1993). “If Not Civilizations, What? Paradigms of the Post-Cold War World”, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 72, No. 5, pp. 309-14.
• Huntington, Samuel P. (Summer 1993). “The Clash of Civilization?”, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 22.
• Hussein, Asef, Robert Olson & Jamil Qureshi, eds. (1984). Orientalism, Islam and Islamists, Brattleboro, Vt.: Amana Books.
• Kant, Immanuel (1887). The Philosophy of law, An Exposition of the Fundamental Principles of Jurisprudence As the Science of Right, trans. by W. Hastle, Clifton, NJ: Augustus M. Kelley.
• Kasper, Walter (1990). “The Theological Foundations of Human Rights”, The Jurist, Issue 50, p. 148.
• Khadduri, Majid (1946). “Human Rights in Islam” (1946) 243
• Khadduri, Majid (1984). The Islamic Conception of Justice, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Lubjuhn, Patrick (1993). “Responses to Samuel P. Huntington’s the Clash of Civilizations?”, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 2.
• Marty, Martin E. (1996). “Religious Dimension of Human Rights”, Emory Int’l L. Rev., 10, pp. 97-106.
• Mawdudi, Abul-A’la (1986). Human Rights in Islam, trans. by Khurshid Ahmad, 2^nd, London: Islamic Foundation.
• Mawdudi, Mark (1978). The Political Theory of Islam, trans. by Mehdi Hydarpoor
• Mayer, Ann E. (1991). Islam and Human Rights, Tradition and Politics, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
• Mayer, Ann E. (1993). “Islam and Human Rights: Different Issues, Different Contexts; Lessons from Comparisons” in Tore Lindholm, & Kari Vogt, eds., Islamic Law Reform and Human Rights, Oslo: Nordic Human Rights.
• Mayer, Ann E. (1994). “Universal Versus Islamic Human Rights: A Clash of Cultures or a Clash With a Construct?”, Michigan J. Int’l L., Vol. 15, pp. 320-321.
• Mayer, Ann E. (1996). “Islamic Rights or Human Rights: An Iranian Dilemma”, Iranian Studies, Vol. 29, p. 270.
• McDougal, Myres, Harold Lasswell, & Lung-Chu Chen, eds. (1980). Human Rights and World Order: The Basic Policies of an International Law of Dignity, New Haven: Yale University Press.
• Morawetz, Thomas (1980). The Philosophy of Law, An Introduction, New York: Macmillan.
• Nieuwenhuijze, A. O. van (1985). The Lifestyle of Islam, Leiden: Brill Academic Pub.
• Perry, Michael J. (1993). “Is the Idea of Human Rights Ineliminably Religious?”, Rich. L. Rev., Vol. 27, p.1023.
• Pollis, Adamantia & Peter Schwab (1980). “Human Rights: A Western Construct With Limited Application” in A. Pollis & P. Schwab, eds., Human Rights, Cultural and ideological perspectives, New York: Praeger.
• Reisman, M. H. A. (1994). “Some Reflections on Human Rights and Clerical Claims to Political Power”, Yale J. Int’l L., Vol. 19, p. 516.
• Renteln, Alison Dundes & Tom Zwart (2013). International Human Rights: Universalism Versus Relativism, Publisher : Quid Pro, LLC
• Sachedina, Abdulaziz (2001). The Islamic Roots of Democratic Pluralism, New York: Oxford University Press.
• Said, Abdul-Aziz (1979). “Human Rights in Islamic Perspective” in Pollis, Adamantia and Peter Schwab, Human Rights: Cultural and Ideological Perspectives, New York: Praeger.
• Said, E. (1993). “The Phony Islamic threat”, Y. Times Mag. (Nov. 21, 1993) p.62.
• Said, Edward W. (1994). Orientalism, New York: Vintage Books.
• Sajoo, Amyn B. (1990). “Islam and Human Rights: Congruence or Dichotomy?”, Temple Int’l & Comp. L. J., 4, p. 29.
• Savory, Roger M. (1989). “Islam and Democracy: The Case of the Islamic Republic of Iran” in C. E. Bosworth, Charles Issawi, R. Savory, et al., eds., The Islamic World From Classical to Modern Time, Essays in Honor of Bernard Lewis, Princeton, NJ: Darwin Press.
• Tabandeh, Sultanhussein (1970). A Muslim Commentary on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, London: F. T. Goulding.
• Taha, Mahmoud Mohamed (1996). The Second Message of Islam (Contemporary Issues in the Middle East), Translated by Abdullahi An Na'im, Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
• Teson, Fernando R. (1985). “International Human Rights Relativism”, Virginia J. Int’l L., 25, p.870.
• Thurow, Roger (1993). “U. N. Conference Plagued by Demands that Rights Must Bow to National Goals”, Wall St. J.,17.
• Tibi, Bassam (1991). Islam and the Cultural Accommodation of Social Change, Boulder: Westview Press.
• Tibi, Bassam (1994). “Islamic Law/Shari’a, Human Rights, Universal Morality and International Relations”, R. Quart., Vol. 16, p.289.

1. B) Documents

• UN Doc. A/C. 3/39/SR. 65, Para. 95.

1. C) Website

• Hersch, Jeanne (1986). Le droit d’être un home, UNESCO; Available At: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000219297.