نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

حق دادرسی به عنوان یکی از انواع حقوق بشر، در اسناد مختلف بین‌المللی و مقررات داخلی اکثر کشورها مورد تاکید قرار گرفته و امکان اعتراض طرفین دعوا به رأی صادره ، یکی از مصادیق آن است. با توجه به ارتباط حق مذکور با حقوق بشر، در صورت اسقاط حق مذکور توسط متداعیین، اعتبار چنین توافقی محل سوال است. برخی از مقررات داوری، امکان اسقاط حق درخواست ابطال رأی داوری را به رسمیت شناخته‌اند. سوال و ابهام مهمی که وجود دارد، آن است که آیا وضعیت مذکور، مخالف حق دادرسی طرفین دعوا به عنوان یکی از مصادیق حقوق بشر، محسوب می شود یا خیر؟. سوال مزبور در پژوهش حاضر در مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و نهایتاً، این مقاله حاضر به این نتیجه نائل آمده که جهت رعایت حق بشری طرفین دعوا، اعتبار توافق بر اسقاط حق درخواست ابطال رأی داوری مشروط به «صریح بودن»، «آزادانه بودن» و «انعقاد پس از صدور رأی داوری و آگاهی از موجبات درخواست ابطال» بوده و در فرض نقض اصل رسیدگی منصفانه و فقدان وصف استقلال و بی‌طرفی داور، توافق مذکور تاثیری ندارد. در حقوق ایران با توجه به فقدان تصریح قانونی و در نظرگرفتن ملاحظات حقوق بشری، تنها در صورت وجود تمامی ضوابط مذکور، توافق بر اسقاط حق درخواست ابطال رأی داوری معتبر و موثر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Analysis of the Human Rights Approach Regarding the Exclusion of Setting Aside the Arbitral Award With Emphasizing on Procedure of the European Court of Human Rights

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Maboudi Neishabouri 1
  • Seyed Alireza Rezaee 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

2 PhD Student of Private Law, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad. Iran.

چکیده [English]

The right to a trial as one of the types of human rights has been emphasized in various international instruments and most countries' domestic laws and possibility of challenging a decision issued by dispute resolution authority is one example of a right to a trial. Considering relationship of this right to human rights, the validity of such an agreement is questionable. Regarding the arbitration, some regulations recognize the exclusion agreement about setting aside the arbitral award. An important question arises about whether this situation is contrary to the parties' right to a trial as one of the examples of human rights or not. This question has been examined in the current study and finally the present article concludes that in order to respect the human rights of the parties, the validity of said agreement is conditional on "being explicit", "freely" and "concluding after the award and knowing the reasons for the objection" and in case of violation of the principle of fair trial and lack of independency and impartiality in the arbitrator, the said agreement has no effect. In Iranian law, due to the lack of legal explicity and human rights considerations, only in the presence of all the above criteria, exclusion agreement about setting aside the arbitral award is valid and effective.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Relationship Between Human Rights and Arbitration"
  • "Right to Free Access to Justice"
  • "Violation of Human Rights"
  • "Right to Trial"
  • "Independence and Impartiality of Arbitrators"
سیاهه منابع
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